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Medical history and physical examination: A healthcare provider will review the patient's medical history, including symptoms and risk factors for stomach cancer, and perform a physical examination to look for signs of the disease
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Upper endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy, or EGD): During an upper endoscopy, a thin, flexible tube with a camera on the end (endoscope) is inserted through the mouth and into the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
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Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS): Endoscopic ultrasound combines endoscopy with ultrasound imaging to provide detailed images of the stomach wall and nearby lymph nodes.
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Imaging tests: Imaging tests such as computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, or positron emission tomography (PET) scans may be used to evaluate the extent of the cancer
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Endoscopic biopsy with chromoendoscopy: This technique involves using special dyes or stains during an endoscopy to help identify abnormal areas of the stomach lining that may be cancerous.
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Barium swallow or upper gastrointestinal (GI) series: In this procedure, the patient drinks a liquid containing barium, which coats the lining of the esophagus and stomach.
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Laparoscopy: In some cases, a laparoscopy may be performed to directly visualize the inside of the abdomen and assess for the spread of cancer.